How it may be discovered
Diagnosis is usually made through clinical examination, including assessment for an abscess or chronic sinus openings.
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Condition & cancer care
Pilonidal Sinus
Pilonidal disease can cause pain, swelling, drainage or repeated infection near the cleft of the buttocks.
When surgery may be considered
Treatment is tailored to whether the disease is acute, recurrent or extensive, with attention to healing and recurrence reduction.
Patient questions
Frequently asked questions
Clear answers to common questions about pilonidal sinus.
01What is a pilonidal sinus?
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A pilonidal sinus is a small tunnel or cavity under the skin near the top of the buttocks crease. It can become infected, causing pain, swelling, and drainage.
02Does a pilonidal sinus always need surgery?
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An acute abscess usually needs drainage first. Recurrent or chronic pilonidal disease generally requires surgical treatment to reduce recurrence.
03Why does pilonidal disease keep coming back?
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Recurrence can relate to a persistent sinus tract or to moisture, hair regrowth, and friction affecting wound healing. Treatment is individualized.
04What does recovery from pilonidal surgery look like?
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Recovery depends on the technique and whether the wound is closed or left to heal open. Specific wound-care and follow-up instructions are provided.
05Can pilonidal sinus be prevented from recurring?
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Good hygiene, hair removal, and avoiding prolonged sitting or friction can help reduce recurrence, although some patients remain predisposed.
Multidisciplinary care
Surgery is considered as part of the complete treatment plan.
Depending on the diagnosis, care may involve medical oncology, radiation oncology, gastroenterology, radiology, pathology and other specialties.
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